Mycotoxin

A mycotoxin (from the Greek μύκης mykes, "fungus" and τοξικός toxikos, "poisonous")^[1]^[2] is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by fungi^[3]^[4] and is capable of causing disease and death in both humans and other animals.^[5]^[6] The term 'mycotoxin' is usually reserved for the toxic chemical products produced by fungi that readily colonize crops.^[7]

Examples of mycotoxins causing human and animal illness include aflatoxin, citrinin, fumonisins, ochratoxin A, patulin, trichothecenes, zearalenone, and ergot alkaloids such as ergotamine.^[5]

One mold species may produce many different mycotoxins, and several species may produce the same mycotoxin.^[8]

^ Harper, Douglas. "myco-". Online Etymology Dictionary.
^ Harper, Douglas. "toxin". Online Etymology Dictionary.
^ Richard JL (2007). "Some major mycotoxins and their mycotoxicoses – an overview". Int. J. Food Microbiol. 119 (1–2): 3–10. doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.07.019. PMID 17719115.
^ Çimen, Duygu; Bereli, Nilay; Denizli, Adil (2022-06-01). "Patulin Imprinted Nanoparticles Decorated Surface Plasmon Resonance Chips for Patulin Detection". Photonic Sensors. 12 (2): 117–129. Bibcode:2022PhSen..12..117C. doi:10.1007/s13320-021-0638-1. ISSN 2190-7439. S2CID 239220993.
^ ^a ^b Bennett, J. W.; Klich, M (2003). "Mycotoxins". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 16 (3): 497–516. doi:10.1128/CMR.16.3.497-516.2003. PMC 164220. PMID 12857779.
^ "Food safety". www.who.int. Retrieved 2023-09-12.
^ Turner NW, Subrahmanyam S, Piletsky SA (2009). "Analytical methods for determination of mycotoxins: a review". Anal. Chim. Acta. 632 (2): 168–80. doi:10.1016/j.aca.2008.11.010. PMID 19110091.
^ Robbins CA, Swenson LJ, Nealley ML, Gots RE, Kelman BJ (2000). "Health effects of mycotoxins in indoor air: a critical review". Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 15 (10): 773–84. doi:10.1080/10473220050129419. PMID 11036728.

[1] Harper, Douglas. "myco-". Online Etymology Dictionary.

[2] Harper, Douglas. "toxin". Online Etymology Dictionary.

[3] Richard JL (2007). "Some major mycotoxins and their mycotoxicoses – an overview". Int. J. Food Microbiol. 119 (1–2): 3–10. doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.07.019. PMID 17719115.

[auto-4] Çimen, Duygu; Bereli, Nilay; Denizli, Adil (2022-06-01). "Patulin Imprinted Nanoparticles Decorated Surface Plasmon Resonance Chips for Patulin Detection". Photonic Sensors. 12 (2): 117–129. Bibcode:2022PhSen..12..117C. doi:10.1007/s13320-021-0638-1. ISSN 2190-7439. S2CID 239220993.

[Mycotoxins-5] Bennett, J. W.; Klich, M (2003). "Mycotoxins". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 16 (3): 497–516. doi:10.1128/CMR.16.3.497-516.2003. PMC 164220. PMID 12857779.

[6] "Food safety". www.who.int. Retrieved 2023-09-12.

[Turner09-7] Turner NW, Subrahmanyam S, Piletsky SA (2009). "Analytical methods for determination of mycotoxins: a review". Anal. Chim. Acta. 632 (2): 168–80. doi:10.1016/j.aca.2008.11.010. PMID 19110091.

[8] Robbins CA, Swenson LJ, Nealley ML, Gots RE, Kelman BJ (2000). "Health effects of mycotoxins in indoor air: a critical review". Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 15 (10): 773–84. doi:10.1080/10473220050129419. PMID 11036728.

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